[์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ] application layer3
ยท
Computer Science/์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ
E-mail E-mail Components User Agent -์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ -์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ˆ˜์‹  Mail Server -mail box : ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๋ฉ”์ผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•จ -massage queue : ์ „์†ก ๋ฉ”์ผ ํ SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) -๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ -25๋ฒˆ ํฌํŠธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ -ASCII์ฝ”๋“œ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ Mail Access Protocols ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ SMTP ์„œ๋ฒ„์—์„œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ธฐ POP3 - download and delete or download and keep ๋ชจ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. IMAP - ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํด๋” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. web mail - HTTP, ์›น ..
[์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ] application layer2
ยท
Computer Science/์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ
HTTP Method Types ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” Method GET ์„œ๋ฒ„์—๊ฒŒ URL์— ๋ช…์‹œ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. URLํ•„๋“œ์— ์ธ์ž/๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. URL ๋งํฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋…ธ์ถœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. POST ์š”์ฒญ๋œ ์ž์›์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. HTTP ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์˜ entity body์— ์ธ์ž ๊ฐ’๋“ค์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. -> URL์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์•ˆ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ GET๋ฐฉ์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„๊ต์  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ...๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” Method PUT ์š”์ฒญ๋œ ์ž์›์˜ ๊ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. entity body์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ž์›์„ ํ•ด๋‹น URL์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•œ๋‹ค. DELETE URL์— ์ง€์ •๋œ ์ž์›์˜ ์‚ญ์ œ๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์•ˆ์ƒ์˜..
์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ - application layer
ยท
Computer Science/์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ
Applications Architecture ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜๊ณ  ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋‹จ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ง๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. 1. ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ - ์„œ๋ฒ„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„(server) - ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผœ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ, ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ • IP์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ(client) - ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผœ์ ธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์„œ๋ฒ„์— ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋“ค์€ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ - ์„œ๋ฒ„ ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์š”์ฒญ์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ตฌ๊ธ€๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ๋งŒ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜ธ..
[์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ] Network Delay
ยท
Computer Science/์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ
๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ง€์—ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์š”์ธ์—๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. โ—†์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„ (processing) -์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฒ€์‚ฌ, ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฐฐ์ •๋“ฑ์— ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ โ—†๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ (queueing) -๋ฒ„ํผ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ •์ฒด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์˜์กด โ—†์ „์†ก์‹œ๊ฐ„ (transmission) -์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋งํฌ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํŒจํ‚ท๊ธธ์ด / ๋งํฌ ์ „์†ก๋ฅ (์†๋„) ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. โ—†์ „ํŒŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„ (propagation) -๋งํฌ ๊ธธ์ด / ์ „ํŒŒ์†๋„ ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. โ—†๋…ธ๋“œ ์ง€์—ฐ (nodal) ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋Š” delay๋ฅผ ๋…ธ๋“œ์ง€์—ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. - ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ + ๋Œ€๊ธฐ + ์ „์†ก + ์ „ํŒŒ